How can the comprehensive utilization of saline-alkali land form more replicable patterns? The representative members of Shandong contributed“Good strategies” 

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中国新闻网 2024-01-25 11:42:33 76万

专题   | 2024年地方两会

　　中新网济南1月25日电(孙婷婷 吕妍)“山东探索出的‘盐碱地草棉轮作种植’模式，作为一种适应盐碱地环境的农业生产方法，可‘复制+粘贴’进行大面积推广。”正在举行的山东“两会”上，一份《关于深入推广盐碱地草棉轮作种植模式助力乡村产业振兴的建议》的联名议案，引发与会代表对盐碱地综合利用的广泛关注。

Chinanews.com, Jinan, January 25(Sun Tingting, LÜ Yan)“Shandong has explored the 'rotation of grass and cotton in saline-alkali soil' model. As an agricultural production method adapted to saline-alkali soil environment, it can be 'copied and pasted' for large-scale promotion.” At the ongoing Shandong“Two sessions”, a joint proposal on promoting grass-cotton rotation in saline-alkali soil to promote the revitalization of rural industry has aroused wide concern on the comprehensive utilization of saline-alkali soil.

　　今年的山东省人民政府工作报告中指出，盐碱地综合利用是推动“齐鲁粮仓”建设的重要一环。2024年，山东将编制实施盐碱地综合利用总体规划，试验示范耐盐碱新品种30个以上。而这份由山东省第十四届人民代表大会代表崔立华、王晓芳、杨丽媛、张素芬的联合议案，给盐碱地利用提供了良好的参考价值。

This year's People's Government of Shandong Province work report pointed out that the comprehensive utilization of saline-alkali land is an important link to promote the construction of “Qilu Granary”. In this 2024, a general plan for the comprehensive utilization of saline-alkali land will be worked out, and more than 30 new varieties of saline-alkali tolerance will be tested and demonstrated. The joint proposal by Cui Lihua, Wang Xiaofang, Yang Liyuan and Zhang Sufen, deputies to the zero th National People's Congress of Shandong Province, provides a good reference for the use of saline-alkali land.

　　据崔立华介绍，盐碱地草棉轮作种植模式在现代耕作领域首创饲用小黑麦、短季棉轮作栽培技术，秋季播种黑麦草，5月上旬收获后再压茬种植短季棉，实现了从单作到双作、由一熟变两熟的土地高效利用。“相较于传统的盐碱地耕作模式，该模式成效更明显。”

According to Cui Lihua's introduction, the grass-cotton rotation cultivation model in saline-alkali soil is the first in the modern cultivation field to use fodder triticale and short-season cotton rotation cultivation techniques. Ryegrass is sown in autumn, and short-season cotton is planted after the harvest in early May, the high efficient land use was realized from single cropping to double cropping, from one crop to two crops. “It works better than traditional saline-alkali farming.”

　　崔立华认为，“盐碱地草棉轮作种植”模式目前在中国各地“复制+粘贴”推广种植面积达20万余亩，反响良好，具备进一步大规模推广应用的可行性。眼下，该模式仍需解决饲草、棉花种质资源相对匮乏的问题，支持优质短季棉、饲用燕麦等作物品种的审定推广。应推动科研单位与棉种企业深度合作，加大新品种的开发选育力度，广泛搜集优质种质资源，创制优良种质和品系，引领主流种植方向，遏制生产品种的“多乱杂”现象，用良种产业化武装农业现代化。

Cui Lihua believes that the“Saline-alkali grass-cotton rotation planting” model is now being“Copied and pasted” across China to promote the planting area of more than 200,000 mu, a good response, it has the feasibility of further large-scale application. At present, the model still needs to solve the problem of the relative scarcity of forage grass and cotton germplasm resources, and support the certification and extension of high-quality short-season cotton and fodder oats and other crop varieties. We should push forward the deep cooperation between scientific research units and cotton seed enterprises, strengthen the development and breeding of new varieties, widely collect high-quality germplasm resources, create excellent germplasm and lines, and lead the main planting direction, to curb the production of varieties of“Multi-disorder” phenomenon, armed with improved varieties of industrialization of agricultural modernization.

　　山东省现有盐碱地面积约890万亩，约占该省陆域总面积3.8%，遍及11个地市47个县区，东营、德州、滨州等地均分布有盐碱地，唤醒这一“沉睡”的后备耕地资源，用好耕地存量，提高土地增量，有助于实现耕地资源扩容、提质、增效。

The existing saline-alkali land area of Shandong province is about 8.9 million mu, accounting for 3.8% of the total land area of the province. It covers 47 counties and districts in 11 cities. Saline-alkali land is distributed in Dongying, Dezhou and Binzhou, waking up this“Sleeping” reserve arable land resources, make good use of arable land stock, improve land increment, help to achieve the expansion of arable land resources, improve quality and efficiency.

(资料图)东营市拥有盐碱地341万亩，占山东盐碱地面积的38%，其中盐碱耕地196万亩，是探索盐碱地现代农业的天然试验场。杜剑摄

(file photo) Dongying has 3.41 million mu of saline-alkali land, accounting for 38% of the province's saline-alkali land area, of which 1.96 million mu of saline-alkali farmland is a natural testing ground for exploring modern agriculture on saline-alkali land.